David's (Daud/Dawood) Fasting Law
Question:
How is the law of fasting Daud? fasting one-day interval (one day fasting, one day not fasting), the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam often praised the piousness of Dawood' alaihissalam.
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Answer:
Alhamdulillah was sholatu was salaamu 'ala rasulillah, amma ba'du.
Fasting of David the law is sunnah , the argument is the word of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam,
The fast of Allah's most beloved is the fast of Dawood, the Prophet Dawood (fasting) a day fasting and not fasting a day (fasting a day interval). "
(Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim, see Al Wajiiz fi Fiqhi Sunnah wal Kitabil 'Aziiz p. 201).
Then there may be a question, what if the fast of Dawud coincides with Friday, or Saturday or Sunday, whether he can fast that day?
Shaykh Muhammad ibn Saalih Al Utsaimin rahimahullah was once asked:
Question no. 444:
"If there is one who fasts a day and does not fast a day, whereas when it is his fast to observe Friday, is he allowed to fast in that day or not?"
He replied,
"Yes, it is permissible for a person if he has been accustomed to fasting a day and not fasting a day later he fasted that Friday (without accompanying fasting the day before or afterwards) or Saturday, or Sunday, the other day as long as it does not hit the forbidden days for fasting, because if he hit the forbidden days for fasting then he is unlawful fasting and obliged for him to leave his fast (not to fast).
For example if there is a man who fasts a day and does not fast a day, then (the turn) does not fast it coincides with Thursday so the fast (next) turns to coincide with Friday then there is no obstacle for him to fast on Friday in such conditions, because he did not fast on Friday because the status of the day was Friday. However, because he just continued the usual fasting.
And if he continues his usual fasting (and) to coincide with the forbidden day of fasting it is obligatory for him to abandon fasting as if his fasting coincides with the day of Eid al-Adha or Tasyriq day,
as if there is a woman who used to fast a day and not fast a day later she encountered something that prevented her from fasting because of being haidh or nifas-then she should (must) not fast. "
(Translated from Fatawa Arkanil Islam , p. 492, cet Dar Ats Tsuraya).
So we can answer, waffaqaniyallahu wa iyaakum limaa yuhibbuhu wa yardhaahu.
ANOTHER GOOD INFORMATION
How is the fast of Dawood (peace be upon him) observed, and how can that be reconciled with the prohibition on fasting on Fridays?
Praise be to Allaah.
Firstly: It is narrated in al-Saheehayn from ‘Abd-Allaah ibn ‘Amr (may Allaah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said:
“The best fasting is the fast of Dawood: he used to fast one day and not the next.”
This statement does not contradict the fact that it is not allowed to fast on Fridays, because the prohibition on fasting on Fridays applies to one who singles out a Friday rather than any other day. But the one who observes the fast of Dawood – fasting alternate days – is not singling out a Friday for fasting.
Shaykh Muhammad ibn Saalih al-‘Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:
The hadeeth of ‘Abd-Allaah ibn ‘Amr (may Allaah be pleased with him) indicates that if fasting on a Friday or Saturday coincides with a day one usually fasts, without intending to single that day out for fasting, then there is nothing wrong with it, because if he fasts alternate days, then that will coincide with some Fridays and Saturdays. Thus it becomes clear that fasting on these days is not haraam. Otherwise, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) would have said: Fast one day and not the next, so long as that (fasting) does not coincide with a Friday or Saturday.
Al-Sharh al-Mumti’, 6/476.
We do not know anything about the practical rulings of the law of Dawood (peace be upon him) with regard to whether it was forbidden to fast on Fridays or other days. What we do know is that every Prophet has a law and a way, but their belief was one and the same, although their laws differed.
Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
وَأَنْزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ بِالْحَقِّ مُصَدِّقًا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ وَمُهَيْمِنًا عَلَيْهِ ۖ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ۖ وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ عَمَّا جَاءَكَ مِنَ الْحَقِّ ۚ لِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا مِنْكُمْ شِرْعَةً وَمِنْهَاجًا ۚ وَلَوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ لَجَعَلَكُمْ أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَلَٰكِنْ لِيَبْلُوَكُمْ فِي مَا آتَاكُمْ ۖ فَاسْتَبِقُوا الْخَيْرَاتِ ۚ إِلَى اللَّهِ مَرْجِعُكُمْ جَمِيعًا فَيُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ فِيهِ تَخْتَلِفُونَ
And We have revealed to you, [O Muhammad], the Book in truth, confirming that which preceded it of the Scripture and as a criterion over it. So judge between them by what Allah has revealed and do not follow their inclinations away from what has come to you of the truth. To each of you We prescribed a law and a method. Had Allah willed, He would have made you one nation [united in religion], but [He intended] to test you in what He has given you; so race to [all that is] good. To Allah is your return all together, and He will [then] inform you concerning that over which you used to differ.
It was narrated that Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased with him) said: I heard the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) say:
“The Prophets are paternal brothers; their mothers are different, but their religion is the same.”
Narrated by al-Bukhaari, 3259; Muslim, 2365.
What this hadeeth means is that the religion of the Prophets is one, which is Tawheed or belief in the Oneness of Allaah and that He alone is entitled to worship, even though their laws may differ. This is like brothers who have the same father but different mothers (which is what is meant by paternal brothers).
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