The friend in the sky. ar-Rafiq al-A'la
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the word of the Prophet ﷺ, 'gather me with ar-Rafiq al-A'la.' According to them (the scholars) were taken from the word of Allah azza wa jalla (which means), "Together with the prophets, the siddiqin, the martyrs, and the pious people. And they are the best friends. "
I bear witness to laa ilaaha ill-Allah and that Muhammad was a messenger of Allah. With Allah, I like more than the world and all its contents. Abdurrahman bin Auf is at ar-Rafiq al-A'la.
Question :
May we pray like the prayer of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam when approaching his death,' O Allah, ar-Rafiq al-A'la. '
Answer:
Bismillah was shalatu was salam 'ala Rasulillah, wa ba'du,
The sentence ar-Rafiq al-A'la [الرَّفِيقَ الأَعْلَى] can be found in several hadith traditions. Among them,
[1] Hadith from Aisha radhiyallahu 'anha , she told,
سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَهْوَ مُسْتَنِدٌ إِلَىَّ يَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَارْحَمْنِي وَأَلْحِقْنِي بِالرَّفِيقِ الأَعْلَى
When the Prophet di leaned on my lap, I heard him say,
اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَارْحَمْنِي وَأَلْحِقْنِي بِالرَّفِيقِ الأَعْلَى
O Allah, forgive me, bless me, and gather me with ar-Rafiq al-A'la.
(Narrated by Bukhari 5674 & Muslim 2191).
[2] Also the A'ishah hadith radhiyallahu 'anha , she told,
نزل برسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- ورأسه على فخذى غشى عليه ساعة ثم أفاق فأشخص بصره إلى السقف ثم قال: اللهم الرفيق الأعلى
When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ approached death, when his head was on my thighs, he fainted for a while. Then he regained consciousness, and facing his face to the roof of the house. Then he said, 'Allahumma ar-Rafiq al-A'la. "
(Narrated by Bukhari 6509 & Muslim 6450)
And the context of these two hadith traditions is the same, this sentence is read by the Prophet before his death.
What is the meaning of ar-Rafiq al-A'la?
In the Koran, Allah mentions those who are given true favors,
ومن يطع الله والرسول فأولئك مع الذين أنعم الله عليهم من النبيين والصديقين والشهداء والصالحين وحسن أولئك رفيقا
And whoever obeys Allah and the Messenger - those will be with the ones upon whom Allah has bestowed favor of the prophets, the steadfast affirmers of truth, the martyrs and the righteous. And excellent are those as companions..
In language, ar-Rafiq means friend. Al-A'la means the highest, in the noblest sense. Surat an-Nisa verse 69 above explains who is the noblest friend of man. They are prophets, siddiqin, martyrs, and pious people.
Aisha radhiyallahu 'anha told,
كنت أسمع أنه لن يموت نبي حتى يخير بين الدنيا والآخرة, قالت: فسمعت النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في مرضه الذى مات فيه وأخذته بحة يقول: (مع الذين أنعم الله عليهم من النبيين والصديقين والشهداء والصالحين وحسن أولئك رفيقا) قالت: فظننته خير حينئذ
I once heard of hadith, that a prophet would not die, until he was asked to choose between the world or the hereafter. Until when the Prophet ﷺ was ill near his death, I heard the voice of his whisper,
أَنلعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَالصِّدِّيقِينَ وَالشُّهَدَاءِ وَالصَّالِحِينَ وَحَسُنَ أُولَئِكَ رَفِيقًا
Together with the prophets, the Siddiqin, the martyrs, and the pious people. And they are the best friends.
Aisha said,
'then I realize that at that time he was asked to choose.'
(Narrated by Bukhari 4435 & Muslim 6448).
Ibn Abdil Bar explained,
"وأما قوله: (وألحقني بالرفيق الأعلى) فمأخوذ عندهم من قول الله عز وجل: (مع الذين أنعم الله عليهم من النبيين والصديقين والشهداء والصالحين وحسن أولئك رفيقا)
(Al-Istidzkar, 3/85).
Then Ibn Abdil Bar mentioned another opinion,
وقيل الرفيق الأعلى ما على فوق السماوات السبع وهي الجنة
There are also those who say, ar-Rafiq al-A'la is something that is above the seven skies, namely heaven.
(al-Istidzkar, 3/85).
Can We Pray to be gathered with ar-Rafiq al-A'la?
Considering the meaning of the sentence ar-Rafiq al-A'la, in principle humans may pray to get it when they are nearing their death. Because in essence, he begged Allah to be gathered with pious people. And this kind of request, not including the specificity of the prophets.
Zaid bin Aslam relates,
One time, Al-Miswar bin Makhramah fainted, then he realized, then said,
أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله, وأن محمدا رسول الله, وصل الله أحب إلي من الدنيا وما فيها, عبد الرحمن بن عوف في الرفيق الأعلى
(Narrated by Ibn Abi Dunya, Kitab al-Muhtadharin, p. 358).
It's just that this prayer (Dua) is not read except in two circumstances:
[1] When you are sure you are near death
When this prayer is read with the intention of hoping for death while there are no signs of death, the law is prohibited. Given the hadith from Abu Hurairah radhiyallahu ' anhu, the Prophet ﷺ said,
لَا يَتَمَنَّى أَحَدُكُمْ الْمَوْتَ وَلَا يَدْعُ بِهِ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ
Don't hope for dying and don't pray for death before dying to come to him.
(Narrated by Ahmad 8189, Bukhari 7235, and Muslim 6995).
Al-Hafidz Ibnu Hajar explained,
ومفهومه أنه إذا حل به لا يمنع من تمنيه رضا بلقاء الله ولا من طلبه من الله لذلك وهو كذلك ولهذه النكتة عقب البخاري حديث أبي هريرة بحديث عائشة اللهم اغفر لي وارحمني وألحقني بالرفيق الأعلى إشارة إلى أن النهي مختص بالحالة التي قبل نزول الموت
The opposite understanding of this hadith, that when death is near, it is not forbidden to dream of death, as a form of pleasure to meet Allah. Also may ask Allah for death. Therefore, after including the hadith of Abu Hurairah radhiyallahu 'anhu above, Imam al-Bukhari included the hadith of Ayesha regarding the Prophet's request to obtain ar-Rafiq al-A'la, as a sign that the prohibition on expecting death only applies to the conditions before the signs come Dead.
(Fathul Bari, 10/130).
[2] Pray like that with the intention of asking Allah, if later death comes, then gather me with ar-Rafiq al-A'la.
Part of Prophet Ibrahim's dua prayer - alaihis salam -,
رَبِّ هَبْ لِي حُكْمًا وَأَلْحِقْنِي بِالصَّالِحِينَ
"[And he said], "My Lord, grant me authority and join me with the righteous." (Surah as-Syu'ara: 83).
Ibn Kathir explained this verse,
أي: اجعلني مع الصالحين في الدنيا والآخرة ك كما قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم عند الاحتضار: اللهم الرفيق الأعلى
That is to say, make me together with people in the world and the hereafter. As stated by the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam before death:' O Allah, ar-Rafiq al-A'la '.
(Tafsir Ibn Kathir, 6/147).
This Dua Prayer Needs Evidence
When a servant prays like this, he should prove it seriously in getting closer to Allah, doing good deeds, so that Allah can make easily to gather with pious people. Al-Quran affirms, the requirement to be collected with ar-Rafiq al-A'la is to obey Allah and His Messenger.
Allah says,
ومن يطع الله والرسول فأولئك مع الذين أنعم الله عليهم من النبيين والصديقين والشهداء والصالحين وحسن أولئك رفيقا
And whoever obeys Allah and the Messenger - those will be with the ones upon whom Allah has bestowed favor of the prophets, the steadfast affirmers of truth, the martyrs and the righteous. And excellent are those as companions.
Thus, Allahu a’lam.
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