The Four Angels That Accompany Human
Bismillah was shalatu was salamu 'ala Rasulillah, wa ba'du,
There are many angels accompanying humans, from the time they were created in the womb of his mother, until the day of his death, even when they were in the grave until the Day of Resurrection.
In this article, we will see an explanation of the angel's that Accompany with humans when in the world,
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First, They accompany the human being when the process of creation in the womb of his mother,
In the hadith of Anas bin Malik radhiyallahu 'anhu , the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said,
وكل الله بالرحم ملكا فيقول أى رب نطفة, أى رب علقة, أى رب مضغة. فإذا أراد الله أن يقضى خلقها قال أى رب ذكر أم الرزق
Allah sent an angel to the womb, then he said, 'ya Allah, this is nutfah.' 'ya Allah, this is a blood clot.' 'ya Allah, this is a lump of flesh.' When God wants to finish his creation, he asks, 'ya Allah, man or woman? Is he a wretched or happy person? How fortune? How did she/he die? ' finally set for him/her all the provisions in his mother's belly.
(Narrated by Bukhari 6595 and Muslim 2646)
Second, the physical guardian Angel of man
Allah says,
له معقبات من بين يديه ومن خلفه يحفظونه من أمر الله
"For each one are successive [angels] before and behind him who protect him by the decree of Allah. Indeed, Allah will not change the condition of a people until they change what is in themselves. And when Allah intends for a people ill, there is no repelling it. And there is not for them besides Him any patron."
In the above verse, Allah calls this angel Mu'aqibat - which means one after another. Because they came away, then replaced by another angel.
When discussing the above verse, al-Hafidz ibnu Katsir mentions the hadith from Abu Hurayrah radiy anhu , that the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,
يتعاقبون فيكم ملائكة بالليل وملائكة بالنهار ويجتمعون فى صلاة الفجر وصلاة العصر ثم يعرج الذين باتوا فيكم فيسألهم ربهم وهو أعلم بهم كيف تركتم عبادى فيقولون تركناهم وهم يصلون وأتيناهم وهم يصلون
"The angels at night and in the afternoon turn to watch over you, and they gather during the Subh prayers and the Asr prayers, then the angels who watch you all night go up (into the sky). Allah asks them, but He knows better than them, "In what circumstances did you leave my servants?" They replied, "We leave them in a state of prayer"
(HR Ahmad 8341, Bukkhari 555, Muslim 1464 and other).
Al-Hafidz Ibn Kathir said,
للعبد ملائكة يتعاقبون عليه, حرس بالليل وحرس بالنهار, يحفظونه من الأسواء والحادثات, كما يتعاقب ملائكة آخرون لحفظ الأعمال من خير أو شر, ملائكة بالليل وملائكة بالنهار
For each servant, there are angels who alternate guarding at night and at noon time. They keep people from every crime and accident. Just as there are other angels guarding human deeds, good or bad, some are guarding day and night.
Then Ibn Kathir went on to his account of the angels day and night,
فاثنان عن اليمين و [عن] الشمال يكتبان الأعمال, صاحب اليمين يكتب الحسنات, وصاحب الشمال يكتب السيئات, وملكان آخران يحفظانه ويحرسانه, واحدا من ورائه وآخر من قدامه, فهو بين أربعة أملاك بالنهار, وأربعة آخرين بالليل
Two on the right and on the left, they record every charity. The ones on the right record good deeds and on the left record bad deeds. While the other two angels guard. One in front and one behind. So there are 4 angels day and 4 other angels at night.
(Tafseer Ibn Kathir, 4/437).
Furthermore Ibn Kathir brings the narrative of tafseer from tabiin,
وقال مجاهد: ما من عبد إلا له ملك موكل, يحفظه في نومه ويقظته من الجن والإنس والهوام, فما منها شيء يأتيه يريده إلا قال الملك: وراءك إلا شيء يأذن الله فيه فيصيبه
Mujahid says every servant is accompanied by an angel sent. He keeps this servant while sleeping and when conscious. From any disturbance of jinn and dangerous animals. Whenever a disturbance comes to him, the angel reminds, "Watch out, be careful." Except for the calamity that Allah has destined, and it must come to him.
(Tafsir Ibn Kathir, 4/438).
There is someone who told Ali bin Abi Talib,
"There's a group of people from the Murad area wanting to kill you."
Ali said,
إن مع كل رجل ملكين يحفظانه مما لم يقدر, فإذا جاء القدر خليا بينه وبينه, إن الأجل جنة حصينة
Everyone is always accompanied by an angel guarding him against distress that has not yet been devoted to it. When the bad taqdir (destiny) came, the angel withdrew from him. Indeed the death is a shield protected.
(al-Bidayah wa an-Nihayah, 1/54).
The Mu'aqibat angel mentioned in the verse in ar-Ra'du, also Allah mentioned in another verse,
وهو القاهر فوق عباده ويرسل عليكم حفظة حتى إذا جاء أحدكم الموت توفته رسلنا وهم لا يفرطون
"And He is the subjugator over His servants, and He sends over you guardian-angels until, when death comes to one of you, Our messengers take him, and they do not fail [in their duties]. "
Third, the angel that record of the deeds of human deeds.
Every human being is always accompanied by good and bad deeds recorders, big or small deed.
Allah says,
وإن عليكم لحافظين. كراما كاتبين. يعلمون ما تفعلون
And indeed, [appointed] over you are keepers,
Noble and recording;
They know whatever you do.
Allah also says,
ولقد خلقنا الإنسان ونعلم ما توسوس به نفسه ونحن أقرب إليه من حبل الوريد. إذ يتلقى المتلقيان عن اليمين وعن الشمال قعيد. ما يلفظ من قول إلا لديه رقيب عتيد
And We have already created man and know what his soul whispers to him, and We are closer to him than [his] jugular vein
When the two receivers receive, seated on the right and on the left.
Man does not utter any word except that with him is an observer prepared [to record].
The angel who is on the right, notes the good. While the angel on the left, note the ugliness.
From Abu Umamah radhiyallahu 'anhu , the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said,
إن صاحب الشمال ليرفع القلم ست ساعات عن العبد المسلم المخطئ, فإن ندم واستغفر الله منها ألقاها, وإلا كتبت واحدة
The angel on the left raised the pen of a deeds note for 6 hours when a Muslim servant committed a sin. If he regrets and istighfar to Allah from the immoral, then this angel did not record it. If not, then this angel will record one mistake.
(Narrated by Thabrani in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, 8/158 and
al-Albani's almighty)
From the description above, we can conclude that the angel that accompanies the man after he was born there are four: 2 physical guardian angels of man and 2 angels of human Deeds recorder.
Ibn Kathir explains,
فاثنان عن اليمين والشمال يكتبان الأعمال صاحب اليمين يكتب الحسنات وصاحب الشمال يكتب السيئات. وملكان آخران يحفظانه ويحرسانه, واحد من ورائه وآخر من قدامه. فهو بين أربعة أملاك بالنهار وأربعة آخرين بالليل
Two angels on the right and left, noting the Deeds. Those on the right note goodness, and those on the left note the ugliness. The other two angels take care of the human physique. One behind the servant and one in front of the servant. So humans are always accompanied by 4 angels in the day and 4 angels at night.
(Tafsir Ibn Kathir, 2/504).
Thus, Allahu a'lam
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