Keep Salah Prayers When Earthquakes

Question :

There is a debate in Social Media, whether or not to cancel mandatory salah prayers when there is an earthquake.

Please the explanation sir. The complete answer, please be displayed on yourdakwah.blogspot.com To make the benefits more widespread.

Answer:

Bismillah was shalatu was Salam' ala Rasulillah, wa ba'du,

There is a general rule that is conveyed by the scholars of fiqh (Fiqh Ulama). The rule states,



In many pieces of literature that discuss qawaid fiqh, this rule is often mentioned.

Among the arguments that support this rule are the words of Allah,




Shaykh Dr. Muhammad Shidqi al-Burnu explained the meaning of this verse,


ففي سب آلهة الكفار مصلحة وهي تحقير دينهم وإهانتهم لشركهم بالله سبحانه, ولكن لما تضمن ذلك مفسدة وهي مقابلتهم السب بسب الله عز وجل نهى الله سبحانه وتعالى عن سبهم درءا لهذه المفسدة.


Cursing the gods of an unbeliever has maslahat (Benefit), namely to lower their religion and their acts of Shirk to Allah - Ta'ala -. But when this action causes potential danger, that is, they react, by insulting Allah, Then Allah forbids cursing their god, as a form to avoid potential danger. 

Because of this consideration, the implementation of the muwassa 'obligation (the obligation that the time is loose), must be postponed to carry out limited time obligations.

Mandatory prayers (five time salah) including mandatory muwassa ' (time is loose). Isha prayer time ranges from the loss of red clouds on the western horizon, to midnight. So, even if someone can't finish at the beginning of the night, he can postpone to the next time.

While saving lives is also an obligation. Because intentionally staying in a dangerous place, the law is haram. The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,

When an earthquake occurs, while our position is praying (salat), there is a contradiction between maslahat and mafsadah.

Maintaining prayer is a benefit, so that the congregation can immediately settle its obligations. But there is a potential danger, because if the building collapses, it can threaten the lives of ma'mum.

Which should take precedence?

The above rules provide answers, avoid potential hazards over precedence, rather than maintaining benefits. Moreover, prayers include obligations that are time-loose.

Another consideration is Maqasid as-Syari'ah (the great goal of sharia), including maintaining the safety of the soul. So that it stays the salah prayer, while the person already knows that this earthquake has the potential to kill lives, then the action is contrary to the Maqasid as-Sharia.

Must Save Life by Canceling Prayers

For this reason, the ulema emphasized that they must prioritize saving lives, from the obligatory prayers. We see their information,

[1] Remarks Hasan bin Ammar al-Mishri - Hanafiyah ulama -

فيما يوجب قطع الصلاة وما يجيزه وغير ذلك…  يجب قطع الصلاة باستغاثة ملهوف بالمصلي

Explanation of what obliges people to cancel prayers (salah) and what allows them ... is obliged to cancel prayers when someone in an emergency asks for help to those who pray (salah) ... 

[2] Description of al-Izz bin Abdus Salam - Syafi'iyah scholar - died 660 H.

In his book Qawaid al-Ahkam, he explained,

تَقْدِيمُ إنْقَاذِ الْغَرْقَى الْمَعْصُومِينَ عَلَى أَدَاءِ الصَّلَوَاتِ، لِأَنَّ إنْقَاذَ الْغَرْقَى الْمَعْصُومِينَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ أَدَاءِ الصَّلَاةِ، وَالْجَمْعُ بَيْنَ الْمَصْلَحَتَيْنِ مُمْكِنٌ بِأَنْ يُنْقِذَ الْغَرِيقَ ثُمَّ يَقْضِي الصَّلَاةَ…


He talked about saving the lives of others. saving lives takes precedence over the obligatory prayer. Of course, saving yourself must take precedence over prayer.

[3] Al-Buhuti - hambali cleric - (died 1051 H)

ويجب إنقاذ غريق ونحوه كحريق فيقطع الصلاة لذلك فرضاً كانت أو نفلاً، وظاهره ولو ضاق وقتها لأنه يمكن تداركها بالقضاء بخلاف الغريق ونحوه، فإن أبى قطعها لإنقاذ الغريق ونحوه أثم وصحت صلاته



They require canceling prayer (salah) to save the life of one person who is threatened. While if the attitude of the imam of salah who defends himself in salah, can endanger his life and so many ma'mum lives. Isn't it more feasible to cancel the salah immediately?

Because of that, for those who are Jumah praying congregation, then an earthquake occurs, the right attitude is not to keep or stay in the prayer but immediately canceled. Because this is a potential danger that should be avoided. Moreover, prayer can be postponed after the situation save.

Thus, Allahu a'lam.

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https://yourdakwah.blogspot.com/2018/08/stay-salah-praying-while-in-dangerous.html


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