Prohibition of Destroying the Church
Discussion about this we limit the discussion of the law in Indonesia. I don't know the law in another country, but I think it is the same. How is the law?
We all know that our state has guaranteed every religion that has been recognized by the state to perform the worship in accordance with their beliefs, should not be forced and should not be impeded. Nor should disturb let alone destroy other religious houses of worship.
As a good Muslim citizen, of course, we must comply with the rules that have been agreed as long as it does not conflict with the religious shari'a. As in the hadith of Muslim history:
المسلمون على شروطهم
"A Muslim is obliged to fulfill an agreed-upon requirement." [1]
Destroying churches and other religious places of worship would be contrary to this rule and contrary to the teachings of Islam. Should not carelessly destroy other religious places of worship without the rules of the Shari'a.
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Prohibition of destroying church without udzur (shari'a reason)
The Shari'a forbids the destruction of churches and houses of other religious devotions for no good reason (may be destroyed as they fight the Muslims and make the church their war headquarters).
Allah says,
ولولا دفع الله الناس بعضهم ببعض الله كثيرا
(Those) who have been driven out of their homes untruthfully (i.e., without right) except that they say, "Our Lord is Allah." And had it not been the repelling by Allah of mankind, some by the means of others, (Literally: some by means of some others) indeed there would have been completely demolished hermitages, and churches, and oratories, and mosques, wherein The Name of Allah is much mentioned. And indeed Allah will definitely give victory to whomever vindicates Him. Surely Allah is indeed Ever-Powerful, Ever-Mighty.
In the tafseer Al-Qurthubi, it is explained that this verse shows that it should not destroy the ahlu dhimmah (non-Muslim living in the Muslim lands and get security guarantees).
تضمنت هذه الآية المنع من هدم كنائس أهل الذمة, وبيعهم, وبيوت نيرانهم
"This verse gives a forbidden meaning to destroy the churches of Ahlu dhimma, the monasteries and the houses of worship for fire (majusi)." [2]
ويزمنداد: تضمن هذه الآية وهي آية (ولولا دفع الله الناس بعضهم ببعض لهدمت صوامع وبيع (... (سورة الحج: 40) - المنع من هدم كنائس أهل الذمة وبيعهم وبيوت نيرانهم, ولا يتركون أن يحدثوا ما لم يكن, ولا يزيدون في البنيان لا سعة ولا ارتفاعا, ولا ينبغي للمسلمين أن يدخلوها ولا يصلوا فيها, ومتى أحدثوا زيادة وجب نقضها
It is narrated that Caliph Umar bin Abdul Aziz forbade his troops to destroy churches and places of non-Muslim worship,
وقد كتب عمر بن عبد العزيز إلى عماله: ألا يهدموا بيعة ولا كنيسة ولا بيت نار
"Umar bin Abdul Aziz wrote a letter to his troops: you should destroy the church, the Jewish monastery and the worship house of the magi." [3]
This is also in line with what Umar bin Khattab exemplified when controlling the Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem / Palestine, he did not destroy churches and synagogues but he guaranteed their religious freedom as a form of Islamic justice.
Notice his words:
Bismillahir rahmanir Rahim.
This is a security guarantee from the servant of God, Umar, amirul mukminin, to the citizens of Jerusalem. Umar gave assurances to their souls, possessions, churches, crosses, weak people, and they are not forced to abandon their religion. None of them felt threatened and expelled from Jerusalem. And the Jews will not stay with them in Jerusalem.
(This is the request of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, because the inhabitants of Jerusalem hate the Jews, the Jews murdered the Persian prisoners in Persian territory Until there is a report that says Umar guarantees that no Jews pass by and spend the night in Jerusalem). [4]
Well, what about those who do bombs to destroy church?
Of course this is not the teachings of Islam.
Islam is a religion of justice
Islam is a beautiful and just religion, it does not bileh torture any creature even to non-Muslims though, we should not tyrannize as long as they do not fight against the Muslims.
Allah Ta'ala said,
لا ينهاكم الله عن الذين لم يقاتلوكم في الدين ولم يخرجوكم من دياركم المقسطين.
"Allah does not forbid you from those who do not fight you because of religion and do not expel you from your homes - from being righteous toward them and acting justly toward them. Indeed, Allah loves those who act justly. "
Shaykh Abdurrahman ibn Nasir As-Sa'diy rahimahullah describes justice as long as they do not fight against the Muslims. He interprets,
لا ينهاكم الله عن البر والصلة, والمكافأة بالمعروف, والقسط للمشركين, من أقاربكم وغيرهم, حيث كانوا بحال لم ينتصبوا لقتالكم في الدين والإخراج من دياركم, فليس عليكم جناح أن تصلوهم, فإن صلتهم في هذه الحالة, لا محذور فيها ولا مفسدة
"God does not forbid you to do good, connect silaturrahmi, repay the good, do justice to the polytheists both from your family and others. As long as they do not fight you because of religion and as long as they do not drive you out of your country, then why do not you make contact with them for having a relationship with them in these circumstances there is no prohibition and no damage. "[1]
May Allah guard the Muslims and pierce His religion on this earth.
Footnote:
[1] HR. Muslim
[2] See Tafsir Al-Qurthubi
[3] Al-Mausu'ah Fiqhiyyah Al-Kuwaitiyyah, chapter Ahlu dhimma p. 129
[4] Source: The liberation of Jerusalem in the time of Umar bin Khattab
[5] Taisir Karimir Rahmah p. 819, Dar Ibn Hazm, Beirut, cet. 1st, 1424 H
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