Arafah Fast has already Existed Before the Existence of Wukuf In Arafat?
Is it true that the Arafah fast has already existed before the existence of wukuf in arafat? This is related to the determination of when the correct fasting time is.
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Answer:
Bismillah was shalatu was salamu 'ala Rasulillah, amma ba'du,
There are several narrations which indicate that the arafah fasting already existed before the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam did wukuf on arafah.
Among other things, the hadith of Nasai from one of the wives of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam,
أن رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- كان يصوم تسعا من ذى الحجة ويوم عاشوراء وثلاثة أيام من كل شهر أول اثنين من الشهر وخميسين
That the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam accustomed to fasting on the 9th Dzulhijjah, Ashura day, three days every month, first monday every month, and two thursday.
(Nasai 2429 and al-Albani).
Then, in the hadith of Maimunah Radhiyallahu 'anha, she recounts,
أن الناس شكوا فى صيام النبى - صلى الله عليه وسلم - الموقف, فشرب منه, والناس ينظرون
Humans doubt whether the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam fasted when the day arafat. Then I brought Him a glass of milk to his wukuf place. Then he drank it and people saw it.
(Narrated by Bukhari 1989 & Muslim 2692).
Information:
The Companions doubted whether the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam fasted or did not fast, because they believed that the day was a day for fasting sunnah Arafat. So they wondered whether Hee was when it was fasting or not. Then by Maimunah it was shown that he was not fasting.
As we know in the history books, the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam performed the pilgrimage in the year 10 Hijriyah/Hijri, while He passed away on Rabiul Awal month year 11 Hijriyah. That is, the month of Dzulhijjah year 10 H, is the last Dhuulhijjah He encountered. Because in the year 11 H, he passed away early in the year, in the third month (Rabiul Awal).
So that the scholars understand, the hadith of Nasai narrated that the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam routinely perform fasting on 9 Dhu al-Hijjah, it happened before the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam performing wada pilgrimage (hajj wada)'.
First Hajj departure in Islam
In the month of Dhu al-Qa'dah (11th month) of the year 6 Hijri, the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam along with his companions came to Mecca to perform Umrah. However, he was prevented by musrykin from entering the city of Mecca. Until the Hudaibiyah treaty happened. With one point of agreement, the Muslims must return that year, and only come next year to stay in Mecca for 3 days.
In the year 7 Hijri/Hijriyah, the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam returned to Mecca to perform Umrah qadha. To qadha the Umrah of the previous year was thwarted by the musrykin of Quraish. He ordered all who the Umrah is fail, to participate.
Then in the year 8 Hijri/Hijriyah precisely the month of Ramadan (month-9), there was the conquest of the city of Mecca (fathu Mecca). Furthermore, the Prophet Sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam was preoccupied with the Hunain war, and the thaif war. Then after entering the month of Dhu al-Qa'dah (8 H) from Tha'if he took miqat at Ji'ranah and performed Umrah. After that, he returned to Medina.
In The Rajab Month, 9 Hijriyah/Hijri, he attacked Tabuk to conquer part of roman territory. After returning to Medina, in the month of Dhu al-Qa'dah, the Messenger of Allaah alaihi wa sallam ordered Abu Bakr as the amir al-haj (leader of the hadj). He departed with 300 Muslims. And this is the first Hajj in Islam. While in Mecca and the beginning of da'wah in Medina, Muslims do not perform Hajj. The new Muslims can perform the pilgrimage (hajj), after the city of Mecca was conquered.
Does Arafah Fasting Have Existed Before Before Wukuf?
We can not confirm this, because we do not know when exactly the suggestion of fasting Arafah? And was the pilgrimage (hajj) led by Abu Bakr as-Shidiq is also done by wukuf in Arafat?
Only, there are fragments of hadith that we can underline, ' Rasulullah sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam accustomed to fasting on 9 Dhu al-Hijjah '. This phrase indicates that arafah fasting includes in His routine. And something is called a routine if done several times.
Month Dzulhijjah year 9 H, Abu Bakr pilgrimage, and at Dzulhijjah year 10 H, the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam go to Hajj.
If the fasting must be done to coincide with wukuf activities in the arafah, and we assume that the pilgrims Hajj Led by Abu Bakr also have wukuf in Arafah, means the fasting performed by the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam just ONCE. Exactly, when the hajj of Abu Bakr Radhiyallahu 'anhu. And this kind of is not right if it's called a habit.
Moreover, if first wukuf in the Arafah occurs when the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam performing wada' pilgrimage (hajj wada). It means that the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam has performed the arafah fast, even though there is no activity before standing in Arafat.
Can The Musyrik Have Performed Wukuf?
We do not know how their pilgrimage is. And even if they do wukuf, of course they are not considered wukuf because they are Musyrik. Moreover, we never get the history that the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam or the companions try to find out when musyrikeen's wukuf day, so they make reference to the implementation of fasting Arafah. So the fasting performed by the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam and the Companions in Medina, was not accompanied by wukuf activity in Arafat.
Therefore, our opinion that Arafah fasting or arafat fast is the fasting on the 9th of Dhul-Hijjah according to their respective regions. Though it does not coincide with the activity of wukuf at Arafat. Because fasting is not related to wukuf activity in Arafat.
Allahu a'lam.
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